Lesson 5 - Map Reading and Orienteering Skills
From Team Challenges to Tactical Orienteering
•Year 9
•Outdoor Adventurous Activities
•Start Planning Better PE Lessons
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How can we use maps to navigate and explore our environment safely and effectively?
Learning Objectives
- Develop basic map reading and orientation skills
- Learn to identify and record key geographical features accurately
- Apply orienteering principles in practical navigation tasks
Key Outcomes
- Students will be able to orientate a map to their surroundings
- Students will accurately identify and mark key features on a master map
- Students will demonstrate improved spatial awareness and navigation skills
Equipment & Resources Required
Keep secure and use for checking student answers
Alternative: Large laminated site map or digital version on tablet
Ensure all have working writing implements before starting
Alternative: Whiteboard markers if using laminated maps
Clean boards ready for picture drawing activity
Alternative: A4 clipboards with paper
Mark photo locations and boundary areas clearly
Alternative: Bean bags or sports bibs
Key Vocabulary
Aligning a map so that it matches the direction you are facing in the real world
Natural or man-made landmarks that can be identified on both maps and in the environment
The sport of navigation using a map and compass to find specific locations
Using three known points to determine your exact position on a map
Working together effectively as a team to achieve shared goals
Communicating through gestures, body language, and visual signals rather than words
Skill Progression Pathway
Understanding where pupils are coming from and where they're going
Prior Learning
- Basic understanding of maps and plans from geography lessons
- Experience working in teams on problem-solving activities
- Awareness of safety considerations in outdoor environments
Current Skills
- Map orientation using natural and artificial features
- Feature identification and accurate recording
- Collaborative navigation and decision-making
Next Steps
- Advanced compass work and bearing taking
- Route planning and time estimation
- Independent orienteering courses
Milestone Indicators
Key Teaching Points
- Map orientation is the foundation skill - always align map with surroundings before attempting navigation
- Use multiple reference points to confirm location accuracy - never rely on just one feature
- Systematic approach beats rushing - encourage careful observation and methodical checking
- Communication within teams is essential - ensure all group members contribute to decision-making
- Safety awareness must be maintained throughout - establish and reinforce clear boundaries
- Build confidence through achievable challenges - celebrate effort and improvement over perfection
- Connect map symbols to real-world features - make the abstract concrete through demonstration
Common Misconceptions
- Maps must always be held 'the right way up' - teach that orientation depends on direction of travel
- Biggest features are always easiest to find - explain that distinctive features are often better reference points
- Speed is more important than accuracy - emphasise systematic approach over rushing
- Only one person needs to navigate for the group - encourage collaborative decision-making
- Maps show everything exactly as it appears - explain symbolism and scale representation
- Navigation is only useful in wilderness areas - connect to everyday situations and urban environments
SEN Adaptations
ADHD
- Shorter activity bursts with movement breaks, clear boundaries and expectations, immediate feedback and praise, kinesthetic learning opportunities
dyspraxia
- Simplified maps with fewer details, additional time for orientation tasks, step-by-step written guides, supportive group partnerships
autism spectrum
- Clear structure and routine explained, visual schedule of activities, quiet reflection spaces available, predictable group compositions
visual impairment
- Large print maps, tactile features added to maps, buddy system with clear verbal descriptions, audio descriptions of visual elements
hearing impairment
- Visual demonstrations clearly shown, written instruction cards provided, hand signals for group management, peer support for communication
physical disability
- Modified boundaries for wheelchair access, seated map work options, adapted recording methods, inclusive group roles
Cross-Curricular Links
English
Technical vocabulary development, clear communication of instructions and descriptions
Maths
Measuring distances and angles, coordinate systems, problem-solving using logical thinking
Science
Understanding magnetic north and compass bearings, environmental awareness and observation skills
Geography
Map reading skills, understanding symbols and scales, spatial awareness and location knowledge
PSHE
Teamwork and collaboration skills, building confidence through challenge, leadership development
Teacher Guidance
Positioning
Move continuously around the activity area maintaining visual contact with all groups, position at elevated points when possible for better overview
Observation Focus
Watch for accurate map orientation, systematic navigation approaches, effective team communication, and adherence to safety boundaries
Intervention Points
Step in when groups are struggling with basic orientation, when safety boundaries are being approached, or when team dynamics need support
Demonstration Notes
Always demonstrate map orientation clearly with exaggerated movements, point to real features before map features, model systematic checking approaches
Verbal Cues
- •'Remember to orientate your map!'
- •'Use multiple features to confirm location!'
- •'Work together and share ideas!'
- •'Stay within our boundary markers!'
Safety Considerations
Space & Surface Requirements
Space Requirements
Minimum outdoor area 50m x 40m with varied features, clear boundaries established
Surface Check
Even ground surface, free from holes or dangerous obstacles, appropriate for walking activities
Equipment Safety
Safety Checks
- •Maps laminated to prevent paper cuts
- •Pencils checked for sharp points
- •Photos securely attached to prevent litter
- •Boundary markers clearly visible and stable
Risk Management
Key Risks
- •Students becoming separated from groups during navigation
- •Trips and falls while concentrating on maps
- •Weather exposure during outdoor activities
- •Confusion about boundaries and permitted areas
Risk Mitigation
- •Clear group management with regular visual checks
- •Designated safe areas clearly marked and explained
- •Weather-appropriate clothing requirements communicated
- •Buddy system within groups for additional safety
Supervision & Emergency Procedures
Supervision Points
- •Teacher positioned for maximum visibility of all groups
- •Regular circulation to check group progress and safety
- •Clear signal system for gathering attention quickly
Emergency Procedures
Stop activity immediately, account for all students, assess situation, apply appropriate first aid or call for additional support as needed